cornstarch, 1 tablespoon - 2 tablespoons all-purpose flour or 4 teaspoons quick-cooking tapioca
light corn syrup, 1 cup - 1 1/4 cups granulated sugar plus 1/4 cup water, mixed
dark corn syrup, 1 cup - 1 cup light corn syrup; 3/4 cup light corn syrup plus 1/4 cup molasses; 1 cup maple-flavored syrup
egg, 1 large - 2 egg whites; 1/4 cup cholesterol-free egg product; 2 egg yolks (for custard or puddings); or 2 egg yolks plus 1 tablespoon water (for cookies or bars)
garlic, 1 medium clove, chopped - 1/8 teaspoon garlic powder or 1/4 teaspoon instant minced garlic
fresh herbs, 1 tablespoon chopped - 3/4 to 1 teaspoon dried
fresh lemon juice, 1 tablespoon - 1 tablespoon bottled lemon juice or white vinegar
grated lemon peel, 1 teaspoon - 1 teaspoon dried lemon peel
milk, 1 cup - 1/2 cup evaporated milk plus 1/2 cup water; or nonfat dry milk prepared as directed on package
mustard, 1 tablespoon - 1 teaspoon dry ground mustard
poultry seasoning, 1 teaspoon -1/4 teaspoon ground thyme plus 3/4 teaspoon ground sage
pumpkin or apple pie spice, 1 teaspoon - mix 1/2 teaspoon ground cinnamon, 1/4 teaspoon ground ginger, 1/8 teaspoon ground allspice and 1/8 teaspoon ground nutmeg
sour cream, 1 cup -1 cup plain yogurt
brown sugar, 1 cup - 1 cup granulated sugar mixed with 2 tablespoons molasses or dark corn syrup
granulated sugar, 1 cup - 1 cup light brown sugar or 2 cups powdered sugar
tomato paste, 1/2 cup - 1 cup tomato sauce cooked uncovered to reduce to 1/2 cup
tomato sauce, 2 cups -3/4 cup tomato paste plus 1 cup water
canned tomatoes, 1 cup - about 1 1/3 cups cut-up fresh tomatoes, simmered 10 minutes
red wine, 1 cup - 1 cup apple cider or beef broth
white wine, 1 cup -1 cup apple juice, apple cider or chicken broth
yeast, regular or quick active dry, 1/4-ounce package -2 1/4 teaspoons regular or quick active dry or 1 .6-ounce package compressed cake yeast
